Philippians 4:13: Did Paul Really Mean We Can Do ALL Things?

Published On: September 3, 2025

“I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.” It’s on gym walls, graduation cards, and motivational posters everywhere. But when reality hits—when the cancer doesn’t heal, the business fails, or the ministry collapses—this beloved verse can become a source of devastating confusion rather than comfort.

The disconnect isn’t accidental. It stems from a fundamental misunderstanding of what Paul actually meant when he penned these words from a Roman prison cell.

PAUL’S PRISON, NOT OUR PROSPERITY

Context changes everything. Paul wasn’t writing a self-help manual for a prosperity seminar. He was chained in prison, facing possible execution, having experienced genuine poverty and need (Philippians 4:11-12). This wasn’t theoretical theology—it was tested truth from a man who knew both abundance and desperate want.

In Philippians 4:10-19, Paul thanks the Philippian church for their financial support during his imprisonment. He’s genuinely grateful, but he’s also teaching them something profound: “I have learned to be content in whatever circumstances I am in. I know how to get along with humble means, and I also know how to live in prosperity; in any and every circumstance I have learned the secret of being filled and going hungry, both of having abundance and suffering need” (verses 11-12).

Then comes verse 13: “I can do all things through Him who strengthens me.”

WHAT “ALL THINGS” ACTUALLY MEANS

The Greek construction here is crucial. The word panta (all things) doesn’t exist in a vacuum—it’s defined by the immediate context Paul has just established. What are the “all things” Paul can do? He can be content in prison. He can endure hunger without bitterness. He can receive abundance without pride. He can face uncertainty with peace.

John Calvin, in his commentary on Philippians, explained Paul’s strength was specifically for “bearing all things”—enduring whatever circumstances God’s providence ordained. This isn’t a blank check for personal ambitions; it’s supernatural enablement for covenant contentment.

The Reformed understanding recognises God’s promises are always bound by His character and purposes. When Scripture says we can do “all things,” it means all things that align with God’s will and calling for our lives. This interpretation finds support throughout Paul’s letters: “My grace is sufficient for you, for power is perfected in weakness” (2 Corinthians 12:9), and “God is faithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able” (1 Corinthians 10:13).

THE HEARTBREAK OF LIMITLESS “ALL THINGS”

Here’s where pastoral theology meets painful reality. Countless believers have claimed Philippians 4:13 as a guarantee for healing, financial breakthrough, or ministry success—only to face crushing disappointment when God’s actual plan differed from their expectations.

There have been missionaries who “stood on this verse” before their ministries failed spectacularly. There have been believers who claimed healing for their dear ones, only to plan funerals instead. And entrepreneurs quoted this passage as their businesses crumbled despite faithful prayers and genuine effort.

The theological root of this heartbreak often traces back to an Arminian-influenced interpretation that makes human faith the ultimate determiner of outcomes. This is often combined with prosperity theology’s dangerous assumption that God is obligated to honour our positive confessions. When filtered through American individualism—where self becomes the centre of God’s purposes—Philippians 4:13 transforms from a promise of divine contentment into a guarantee of temporal success.

The emotional aftermath is devastating. Believers assume their faith wasn’t strong enough. They develop cynicism toward Scripture’s genuine promises. They carry guilt for somehow failing to access God’s unlimited power. This interpretation doesn’t just misunderstand Paul’s words—it creates unnecessary spiritual casualties.

THE BETTER PROMISE

Reformed theology offers a different understanding that’s actually more comforting, not less. When Paul says “I can do all things through Him who strengthens me,” he’s pointing to Christ as the source of supernatural contentment in God-ordained circumstances. The strength isn’t for changing every situation; it’s for finding peace within the situation God has allowed.

This promise is actually more reliable because it depends on God’s faithfulness rather than our faith performance. Christ’s union with believers guarantees we’ll receive exactly the strength we need for whatever He calls us to endure. We can face terminal illness with peace, endure financial hardship with dignity, and persevere through ministry disappointments with hope—not because we can force different outcomes, but because Christ provides sufficient grace for the outcomes He’s sovereignly chosen.

THE COMFORT OF DIVINE LIMITATIONS

The Reformed view doesn’t diminish Philippians 4:13—it grounds it in reality. Paul’s promise isn’t about unlimited human potential; it’s about unlimited divine sufficiency for limited, specific circumstances. We can do all things God calls us to do within the circumstances He appoints, empowered by Christ’s strength rather than our own determination.

This interpretation offers deeper comfort than any motivational poster ever could. It means God’s love isn’t conditional on our circumstances improving. It means suffering doesn’t indicate weak faith. It means contentment is possible even when “all things” includes prison cells, empty bank accounts, or unanswered prayers.

That’s a promise worth believing.

DID PAUL REALLY MEAN WE CAN DO ALL THINGS? RELATED FAQs

How does John Calvin specifically interpret Philippians 4:13? Calvin emphasised Paul’s strength was for “bearing all conditions” rather than achieving all desires. In his commentary, he notes the apostle’s power came through union with Christ, enabling him to be equally content in abundance or poverty. Calvin warns against using this verse to justify personal ambitions that may conflict with God’s will. The strength mentioned is specifically for enduring whatever circumstances God in His providence ordains for us.

What did Puritan commentators say about this verse? Matthew Henry interpreted the “all things” as referring specifically to the duties and trials God appoints for believers. Thomas Watson emphasised strength comes through Christ’s indwelling presence, not human effort or positive thinking. John Owen stressed this promise applies to our calling and circumstances, not our personal wishes. The Puritans consistently viewed this as a promise of grace for obedience and endurance, not a guarantee of temporal success.
How does the Greek grammar actually limit the meaning of “all things”? The Greek phrase “panta ischyo” uses “panta” in a context-dependent way—it’s not absolute but qualified by the preceding verses about contentment in various circumstances. The verb “ischyo” means to have strength or ability, but it’s modified by “in Him who strengthens me”, showing the source and limitation of this ability. Reformed scholars note Greek “panta” often means “all kinds of things” within a specific category rather than literally everything imaginable.

Why do we reject the “name it and claim it” interpretation? Reformed theology maintains God’s sovereignty cannot be manipulated by human faith declarations or positive confessions. The Westminster Confession teaches God’s decrees are immutable and based on His wisdom, not human demands. This interpretation violates the Reformed principle that God’s glory, not human prosperity, is the ultimate purpose of all things. Additionally, it contradicts clear biblical teaching about suffering being part of God’s plan for believers (Romans 8:17, 2 Timothy 3:12).

How do other Reformed scholars view this passage? Martin Lloyd-Jones emphasised that this verse teaches “the secret of Christian living”—finding supernatural contentment through Christ’s enabling power. He argued Paul discovered something that transcended circumstances entirely, making him equally strong in prosperity or poverty. RC Sproul similarly taught the verse promises adequacy for whatever God calls us to endure, not omnipotence for whatever we want to achieve. Both scholars stressed that true strength often manifests as peaceful endurance rather than circumstantial change.
What’s the relationship between Philippians 4:13 and Reformed covenant theology? In covenant theology, this verse represents God’s faithfulness to provide exactly what His people need to fulfil their covenant obligations. The “all things” are those duties and trials that come with being in covenant relationship with God. Reformed scholars see this as part of the covenant of grace, where God promises to enable what He commands. This interpretation connects Paul’s contentment to the broader biblical theme of God’s people finding sufficiency in Him rather than circumstances.

How should this verse be preached differently in Reformed churches versus other traditions? Reformed preaching should emphasise God’s sovereignty, human dependence, and the specific context of contentment rather than achievement. The focus should be on Christ as the source of strength for enduring God-ordained circumstances, not changing them. Reformed pastors typically warn against therapeutic or prosperity applications while highlighting the comfort found in God’s sufficient grace. The sermon application should encourage believers to find their identity in union with Christ rather than in their ability to overcome challenges through faith.

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